Introduction
Recommended Design Features
Idea #1：Design instruction so that students engage in routine practice in internalizing and applying the concepts they are learning （and in evaluating their understanding of each）
Idea #2：Teach students how to assess their reading
Idea #3：Teach students how to assess their writing
Idea #4：Teach students how to assess their speaking
Idea #5：Teach students how to assess their listening
idea #6：Design tests with the improvements of student thinking in mind
Idea #7：Make the course \"work-intensive\"for the students， but not for you
Idea #8：Use engaged lecture
Idea #9：Require an intellectual journal （when it is relevant to your class）
Orientation （first few days）
Idea #10：Give students a thorough orientation to the course
Idea #11：Develop a syllabus which highlights your expectations for the students
Idea #12：Give students grade profiles
Idea #13：Use a\"student understandings\"form
Idea #14：Explain to the students， when orienting them to the class， what will happen on a typical class day （and why）
Idea #15：Explain the key concepts of the course explicitly during the first couple of class meetings
Idea #16：Discuss class time as a time in which the students will PRACTICE thinking （within the content） using the fundamental concepts and principles of the field
Idea #17： Make the point that the content is a SYSTEM of interconnected ideas
Idea #18：Think of yourself as a coach
Idea #19：Discuss the textbook as the thinking of the author
Daily Emphasis
Idea #20：Encourage students to think——quite explicitly——about their thinking
Idea #21：Encourage students to think of content as a form of thinking
Idea #22：Relate content whenever possible to issues， problems， and practical situations in the lives of the students
Idea #23：Target common student disabilities using specific strategies that take them into account
Idea #24：Use tactics that encourage active learning
Idea #25：Routinely ask questions that probe student understanding of the content
Idea #26：Model skilled thinking for your students
Idea #27：Cultivate important intellectual traits in instruction
Idea #28：Bring intellectual standards into daily use
Idea #29：Have students role play ideas other than their own
Idea #30：Systematically question students using a Socratic approach
Epilogue： Summarize the ideas above in brief to make the whole more intelligible